In a 50-person shop, expect the owner to sign. Around 200 people, a president or GM typically signs after the controller checks the payback. Past 1,000, expect a committee across operations, IT, finance and corporate. Those are typical patterns, not rules. The manufacturing engineer usually builds the case and maintenance lives with the cell, so bring both in early.
A plant manager's own authority often tops out between $25,000 and $100,000, so a $93,000 to $211,000 cell often becomes a formal capital expenditure request. Published guidance puts common hurdles around a three-year payback, and practitioners often describe the bar for cost-reduction projects as closer to two. More in how manufacturing plants buy.
Raise two things early: who keeps the cell running, and when it has to run. BLS projects jobs for industrial machinery mechanics, maintenance workers and millwrights to grow 14% from 2025 to 2035 across all industries, so your service plan is part of the sale. And for a calendar-year business, most equipment tax write-offs need the machine placed in service by December 31, not just ordered (not tax advice). Add delivery time and integration, and a cell's order date moves well before December. See the manufacturing buying calendar.